项目：“大仍小学”民宿

Project: “Dareng Primary School” Resort

地点：海南昌江

Location: Changjiang Hainan

设计负责人：蔡克非、王玺

Design in charge: Cai Kefei, Wang Xi

建筑师：林靖然、刘清霄、张雨、杨妍榆

Architects: Lin Jingran, Liu Qingxiao, Zhang Yu, Yang Yanyu

设计时间：2023.05

Design: 2023.05

民宿的基地是大仍小学旧址，与旁边的大仍村相比，地势略高；步行上山向着燕窝岭的途中，向南可以俯瞰形态优美的农田。

The base of the B&B is the former site of the Dareng Primary School, which is on slightly higher ground than the adjacent village of Dareng; the walk up the hill towards Yanwo Ridge overlooks beautifully formed farmland to the south.

大仍小学周围被农田和树林环绕，其西北方向昌化江和燕窝岭，地势向此方向略微升高，南侧地势较低处有农田景观。200米远处有规划旅游线路经过，未来会是方便游客停留和游览的旅游节点。

The DarengPrimary School site is surrounded by farmland and woods. To the north-west of the site is the Changhua River and the Yanwo Ridge, the terrain rises slightly in this direction, and to the south there is a landscape of farmland on the lower terrain. 200 metres away is a planned tourist route, which will be a convenient tourist node for visitors to stay and visit in the future.

大仍小学现有四栋校舍，紧贴用地红线，围合出一个小广场，其中有不少体量很大的树木。1号楼的正面与之平行有一排高树，其他校舍正面也各有一两颗大树，环绕着中间的空地。场地东侧入口的两排树形成了纵长的入口空间，从此顺着树的序列进入，然后向四周散开，是场地的记忆和流动。拆除鉴定为危房的2、3号楼，将结构完好的1、4号楼改造为客房。从入口穿过树廊来到场地中心，旅客进入设置在此的大堂，然后从大堂出发，经由走廊，抵达穿插在树木之间的客房、餐厅、泳池、以及观景塔。

The four existing school buildings of DarengPrimary School, which abut the red line of the site, enclose a small square with a number of substantial trees. a row of tall trees runs parallel to the front of Building 1, and one or two large trees on each of the other school building fronts, encircling the open space in between. The two rows of trees at the eastern entrance to the site form a long, vertical entrance space, from which the sequence of trees is followed into and then spread out in all directions, a memory and flow of the site. Buildings 2 and 3, which were identified as dangerous, were demolished, and buildings 1 and 4, which were structurally sound, were converted into guest rooms. From the entrance, through the tree corridor to the centre of the site, the visitor enters the lobby set here and from there, through the corridor, to the guest rooms, restaurant, pool and observation tower interspersed between the trees.

基于对当地气候的理解以及对黎族建造传统———“船屋”的观察，建筑的设计语言采用一种A字形架构作为原型：陡峭的屋顶拔高建筑高度，可以在内院投下更多阴影，内部也增加了通风散热的空间。建筑首层完全开放，在场地内形成通畅的视野。以几种不同方式构筑场地的建筑聚落，如同一支“船队”。

The design language of the building is based on an understanding of the local climate and the observation of the Li construction traditions of the boat house, an A-frame structure is used as a prototype: the steeply pitched roof raises the height of the building to cast more shadows in the inner courtyard and the interior adds more shadows. The steeply pitched roof raises the height of the building to cast more shadows in the inner courtyard and increases the space for ventilation and cooling inside. The first floor of the building is completely open, creating an unobstructed view of the site. The clustering of the buildings on the site is structured in several different ways, like a flotilla.

A字形架构的原型实际上分为了三个类型：较高的联排架构组成公共空间，高耸透气；保留校舍的外侧增加一层外壳，增加外廊宽度，优化遮阳隔热性能；不同尺寸的架构形成宽阔的走廊，走廊是交通空间，同时也是附属庭院的灰空间，休闲而舒适。

The prototype of the A-frame architecture is actually divided into three types: taller rows of buildings that form public spaces, towering and airy; an additional shell on the outside of the preserved school building, increasing the width of the outer corridor and optimising shading and insulation; and a wide corridor of different sizes, which serves as a space for traffic and also as a grey space for the attached courtyard, relaxing and comfortable.

同样坡度的A字形构造搭建风雨走廊，坡面较陡以拔高体量，形成更多阴影与散热空间，对应炎热的气候。A字构造之间组合为更宽敞的建筑，作为大堂、餐厅等使用。1号校舍改造为客房，在原有结构基础上，使用半边A字构造加建立外廊，并增加屋顶，增强隔热通风。新建客房采用同样的坡形立面，并与地面架空。民宿的外围栏也从A字构造变化而成。

The A-frame structure is also sloped to create a storm corridor, with a steeper slope to raise the volume and create more shade and cooling space to cope with the hot climate, and the A-frame structure is combined to create a more spacious building for the lobby, restaurant, etc. School building No. 1 is converted into a guest house, using half of the A-frame structure with an external corridor and an additional roof to increase insulation and ventilation. The new guest house has the same sloping façade and is elevated from the ground. The external fence of the B&B has also been changed from the A-frame construction.

酒店入口利用原有树木的序列，塑造纵深的入口庭院，并在轴线尽端设置接待服务。在拆除鉴定为危房的两座校舍之后，基于原有布局，保留场地内所有树木，在树的间隙插入新的建筑体量，形成几个以树为中心的庭院。将新增客房布置在北侧，南侧空地设置接待与服务功能，形成明确动静分区。

The entrance to the hotel takes advantage of the original sequence of trees to create a deep entrance courtyard with a reception service at the end of the axis. Following the demolition of two school buildings identified as dangerous, all the trees on the site were retained based on the original layout, and new building volumes were inserted between the trees to form several courtyards centred on the trees. The new rooms are placed on the north side, and the open space on the south side is used for reception and service functions, creating a clear division between movement and rest.

当重新回溯大仍村黎族人的根源，感受烈日灼人中吹来的风，我们在大仍村边的小山坡上——-也就是我们的基地———回望村舍、农田，眺望他们祖先穿越海峡的方向，我们希望看得更远，所以设计了观景塔，景观塔如同桅杆，带领着“船队”望向过去，奔向未来。

When retracing the roots of the Li people in Dareng, feeling the wind blowing in the scorching sun, we look back at the village houses and farmland on the hillside at the edge of Dareng - our base - and see where their ancestors crossed the We wanted to see further, so we designed the viewing tower, which is like a mast, leading the "fleet" to the past and the future.